
Dr. Marco Kleine
Senior Research Fellow
Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research
+49 89 24246-581
marco.kleine(at)ip.mpg.de
Areas of Interest:
Organization and Innovation, Innovation Research, Strategic Management, Behavioral and Experimental Economics, Entrepreneurial Personality
Academic Résumé
Since 2014
Senior Research Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition (Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research)
2018 - 2019
Professor for Strategic Management, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (interim Professor)
2011 - 2014
PhD scholarship at the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods in Bonn, Member of the International Max Planck Research School „IMPRS Uncertainty“ and PhD Student at the University of Jena
09/2013 - 12/2013
Visiting scholar at the University of California, San Diego (Rady School of Management)
2008 - 2010
Master Studies in Economics at the University of Bonn
2006 - 2008
Commercial Project and Sales Manager at the Siemens AG, Brunswick
2003 - 2007
Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration at the Berlin School of Economics
2003 - 2006
Apprenticeship as Industrial Clerk at the Siemens AG in Berlin, Brunswick, Erlangen, Munich and Santiago de Chile
Memberships
Collaborative Research Center (CRC) TRR 190 Rationality and Competition 2017 - 2020
Innovation Growth Lab Research Network
Economics Science Association
Academy of Management
Strategic Management Society
Publications
Articles in Refereed Journals
Subsidized R&D Collaboration: The Effect of Innovation Vouchers on Innovation Activity & Performance, Academy of Management Proceedings, 2020 (1), 2020 (1)7665abstract. DOI
(2020).- We study the causal effect of subsidized R&D collaboration on innovation performance. In particular, we make use of a randomized controlled trial to analyze the effect of an innovation voucher scheme in the United Kingdom that grants small and medium-sized enterprises financial support of up to 5,000 GBP for engaging the services of experts, e.g., from universities, research institutes or IP advisors, when pursuing an innovation-related project. Our findings provide evidence that the innovation voucher program successfully accelerates the execution of R&D projects with short-term effects on innovation outcomes. We find that being awarded a voucher has a positive short-term impact on product development for firms that collaborated with a university. In addition, we find a positive effect on the number of patent applications for firms indicating to be in need for specialist IP knowledge. In terms of collaboration outcomes, we can show that subsidized university-industry collaborations result in an increase of joint ventures two years after the voucher has been awarded."
- Also published as: Max Planck Institute for Innovation & Competition Research Paper No. 20-11
How Voice Shapes Reactions to Impartial Decision-makers: An Experiment on Participation Procedures, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 143, 241-253. DOI
(2017).- This paper studies how participation in decision procedures affects people’s reactions to the deciding authority. In our economic experiment, having voice, i.e., the opportunity to state one’s opinion prior to a decision, significantly increases subordinates’ subsequent kindness towards the authority. These positive effects occur irrespectively of the decisions’ content. The experimental findings stress the positive effects of voice when subordinates and authorities interact. Our results suggest that in organizations, but also in the legal and political arena, participative decision-making can be used to guide people’s actions after decisions have been made.
- Also published at SSRN as: MPI Collective Goods Preprint, No. 2013/11
Fairness and Persuasion: How Stakeholder Communication Affects Impartial Decision Making, Economics Letters, 141, 173-176. DOI
(2016).- We study experimentally to what extent distributive fairness decisions by impartial authorities are influenced by stakeholders’ fairness opinions. In a three-player allocation game, we compare Communication treatments, in which one of the stakeholders states her opinion prior to the allocation decision, to a Baseline without communication. We find that stakeholders who state their opinion are allocated significantly less money than their counterparts in the Baseline. Asymmetric reactions to the statements appear to be the driving force behind this result: Authorities deviate from their initial fairness judgment and follow stakeholders’ opinions if the requests are moderate; they largely ignore high monetary requests.
Who Is Afraid of Pirates? An Experiment on the Deterrence of Innovation by Imitation, Research Policy, 44 (1), 20-33. DOI
(2015).- In the policy debate, intellectual property is often justified by what seems to be a straightforward argument: if innovators are not protected against others appropriating their ideas, incentives for innovation are suboptimally low. Now, in most industries and for most potential users, appropriating a foreign innovation is itself an investment decision fraught with cost and risk. Nonetheless, standard theory predicts too little innovation. Arguably the problem is exacerbated by the sensitivity of innovators to fairness; imitators do get a free lunch, after all. We model the situation as a game and test it in the lab. We find more appropriation, but also more innovation than predicted by standard theory. In the lab, the prospect of giving imitators a free lunch does not have a chilling effect on innovation. This even holds if innovation automatically spills over to an outsider and if successful imitation reduces the innovator's profit. Beliefs and the analysis of experiences in the repeated game demonstrate that participants are sensitive to the fairness problem. But this concern is not strong enough to outweigh the robust propensity to invest even more in innovation than predicted by standard theory. The data suggest that this behavior results from the intention not to be outperformed by one's peers.
Monographies
Communication and Fairness: An Experimental Economics Approach. Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität.
(2015).Discussion Papers
Max Planck Institute for Innovation & Competition Research Paper, No. 19-17. DOI
(2021). Under the Radar: User Anonymity in the Design of Organizational Platforms,- Organizational exchange platforms enable efficient allocation and exchange of members’ resources like information, advice or help within organizations. Yet, employee engagement remains a challenge for the success of these platforms. Focusing on the resource seeker-side, we argue that individuals’ seeking behavior is influenced by (a) intangible, psychological costs, and (b) tangible, economic considerations, and suggest that both types of costs are linked to the provision of information on seekers’ identity. By conducting a lab experiment, we alter participants’ costs when seeking resources on a platform. We find that both type of costs reduce individuals’ seeking behavior. While men are chiefly discouraged by economic consequences, females place relatively more emphasis on psychological costs. Our results highlight the facilitating role of user anonymity on platform engagement.
Max Planck Institute for Innovation & Competition Research Paper, No. 20-11. DOI
(2020). Subsidized R&D Collaboration: The Causal Effect of Innovation Vouchers on Innovation Performance,- We study the causal effect of subsidized R&D collaboration on innovation performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In particular, we make use of a randomized controlled trial to analyze the effect of a nationwide innovation voucher scheme in the United Kingdom that grants SMEs across all industries financial support of up to 5,000 GBP for engaging the services of experts, e.g., from universities, research institutes or IP advisors, when pursuing an innovation-related project. Our results show that the innovation voucher program successfully promotes the execution of these innovation projects with positive short- and medium-term effects on product and service development, internal processes and intellectual property protection. Based on our results, we also provide some practical guidance to further improve the effectiveness of voucher programs.
- Also published in: Academy of Management Proceedings Vol. 2020, No. 1
Max Planck Institute for Innovation & Competition Research Paper, No. 17-05.
(2017). The Effect of Compliance Time in Patent Examination: An Experimental Study,- Using controlled and incentivized decision experiments, we explore whether the length of compliance periods in patent examinations affects behaviour and the overall efficiency of the system. In our stylized experiments, participants decide in the role of a patentee who faces uncertainty about the prospects of the application and must invest real effort over an extended period of time, in order to reach a minimum threshold. Overall, we find some evidence that a very long time horizon outperforms a short one.
- SSRN
Preprints of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods Bonn/6. Bonn: Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods.
(2015). Communication and Trust in Principal-Team Relationships: Experimental Evidence,- We study how upward communication – from workers to managers – about individual efforts affects the effectiveness of gift exchange as a contract-enforcement device for work teams. Our findings suggest that the use of such self-assessments can be detrimental to workers’ performance. In the controlled environment of a laboratory gift-exchange experiment, our workers regularly overstate their own contribution to the joint team output. Misreporting seems to spread distrust within the team of workers, as well as between managers and workers. This manifests itself in managers being less generous with workers’ payments, and in workers being more sensitive to the perceived kindness of their relative wage payments. By varying the source and degree of information about individual efforts between treatments, we see that precise knowledge about workers’ actual contributions to the team output is beneficial for the success of gift-exchange relationships. Yet, workers’ self-assessments can be a problematic tool to gather this information.
- http://www.coll.mpg.de/pdf_dat/2015_06online.pdf
Presentations and Lectures
29.10.2020
A Dynamic Perspective on Competition and Fraudulent Behavior – Experimental Evidence
Strategic Management Society Annual Conference
Location: online
01.10.2020
A Dynamic Perspective on Competition and Fraudulent Behavior – Experimental Evidence
6th CRC Retreat
Location: online
10.09.2020
No Face, No Name, No Shame? Overcoming Barriers to Intra-Organizational Public Knowledge-Seeking
Economic Science Association 2020 Global Online Meetings
Location: online
11.08.2020
Subsidized R&D Collaboration – The Causal Effect of Innovation Vouchers on Innovation Performance
Academy of Management Annual Meeting
Location: online
10.08.2020
Competition Dynamics and Fraudulent Behavior – Evidence from a Multi-Period Experiment
Academy of Management Annual Meeting
Location: online
19.03.2020
No Face, No Name, No Shame? Overcoming Barriers to Intra-Organizational Public Knowledge-Seeking
VHB Annual Meeting
Location: online
03.02.2020
No Face, No Name, No Shame? Overcoming Barriers to Intra-Organizational Public Knowledge-Seeking
Brown Bag-Seminar ESMT Berlin
Location: Berlin
14.01.2020
No Face, No Name, No Shame? Overcoming Barriers to Intra-Organizational Public Knowledge-Seeking
BEWIP-Seminar
Location: Munich
12.12.2019
No Face, No Name, No Shame? Overcoming Barriers to Intra-Organizational Public Knowledge-Seeking
Workshop on Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Location: Munich
21.11.2019
Subsidized R&D Collaboration – The Causal Effect of Innovation Vouchers on Innovation Activity and Performance
IGL Winter Research Meeting
Location: Amsterdam, The Netherlands
11.10.2019
Creativity and Framed Incentives
ESA North American Meeting
Location: Los Angeles, California, US
27.09.2019
Impediments to Intra-Organizational Public Knowledge-Seeking
6th CRC Retreat
Location: Tutzing
12.09.2019
Subsidized R&D Collaboration – The Causal Effect of Innovation Vouchers on Innovation Activity and Performance
VHB-TIE Annual Meeting
Location: Darmstadt
17.06.2019
Creativity and Framed Incentives: An Experiment
Munich Summer Institute, Max Planck Institute for Innovation and Competition
Location: Munich
08.01.2019
Creativity and Framed Incentives: An Experiment
ORG Seminar
Location: Munich
18.12.2018
Creativity and Framed Incentives: An Experiment
BEWIP-Seminar
Location: Munich
20.09.2018
The Effect of Compliance Time in Patent Examination
VHB-TIE Annual Meeting
Location: Hamburg
14.08.2018
The Effect of Compliance Time in Patent Examination: An Experimental Study
Academy of Management 78th Annual Meeting
Location: Chicago, US
30.06.2018
Creativity and Framed Incentives
ESA World Meeting
Location: Berlin
06.06.2018
The Effect of Compliance Time in Patent Examination
Munich Summer Institute
Location: Munich
24.05.2018
The Effect of Compliance Time in Patent Examination: An Experimental Study
VHB Annual Meeting
Location: Magdeburg
06.10.17 - 07.10.17
Creativity and Framed Incentives: Experimental Evidence
12th Nordic Conference on Behavioural and Experimental Economics
Location: Gothenburg, Sweden
27.09.17 - 29.09.17
Creativity and Framed Incentives: Experimental Evidence
2nd Retreat of CRC TRR 190 (Collaborative Research Center Rationality and Competition)
Location: Munich
08.09.17 - 09.09.17
Panel Discussion: Hindsight Bias
Zurich IP Retreat 2017: The Hindsight Bias in Patent Law
Location: Zurich, Switzerland
20.06.17 - 23.06.17
Disguising Selfishness With and Without Communication
ESA International Conference
Location: San Diego, USA
18.05.17 - 20.05.17
Creativity and Framed Incentives: Experimental Evidence
Conference Incentives and Behavior Change
Location: Modica, Italy
06.06.16 - 07.06.16
Creativity and Framed Incentives: Experimental Evidence
Workshop on Experimental Economics in Strasbourg
Location: Strasbourg, France
22.03.16
Experimental Economics Methods in Legal Research
University of St. Gallen: Master Programme in Law and Economics
Location: St. Gallen, Switzerland
28.09.15 - 30.09.15
Disguising Selfishness With and Without Communication
Annual Meeting of the "Gesellschaft für experimentelle Wirtschaftsforschung"
Location: Hamburg
16.06.15
Who Is Afraid of Pirates? An Experiment on the Deterrence of Innovation by Imitation
2015 International Workshop on Patent System and Inventor
Location: Munich
08.06.15
Communication and Trust in Principal-Team Relationships: Experimental Evidence
8th Maastricht Behavioral and Experimental Economics Symposium
Location: Maastricht, Netherlands
07.05.15 - 10.05.15
Disguising Selfishness With and Without Communication
Conference Incentives and Behavior Change
Location: Modica, Italy
14.01.15
Communication and Trust in Principal-Team Relationships: Experimental Evidence
TIME Colloquium
Location: Munich
03.12.14
Who Is Afraid of Pirates? An Experiment on the Deterrence of Innovation by Imitation
Workshop: Challenges of Knowledge Creation - Intellectual Property Protection and Innovation Performance
Location: Munich
28.11.14 - 29.11.14
Communication and Trust in Principal-Team Relationships: Experimental Evidence
Workshop on Co-determination and Employee Participation
Location: Trier
04.09.14 - 05.09.14
Who Is Afraid of Pirates? An Experiment on the Deterrence of Innovation by Imitation
9th Annual Conference of the EPIP Association
Location: Brussels, Belgium
15.05.14 - 18.05.14
Communication and Trust in Principal-Team Relationships: Experimental Evidence
Conference Incentives and Behavior Change
Location: Amsterdam, Netherlands
06.03.14 - 08.03.14
Poster: Fairness and Persuasion. How Stakeholder Communication Affects Impartial Decision Making
Conference: Taxation, Social Norms and Compliance
Location: Nuremberg
Courses
Winter 2020 - 2021
General Economics
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2020 - 2021
Experimental Methods
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2019 - 2020
General Economics
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2019 - 2020
Experimental Methods
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2019 - 2020
Valuation of Intangible Assets
Location: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center (MIPLC), Germany
Spring 2019
Experimental Methods
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2018 - 2019
Change Management
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2018 - 2019
Strategy and Leadership
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2018 - 2019
Frontiers in Strategy Research
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2018 - 2019
Project Courses
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2018 - 2019
Seminar Strategic Management
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2018 - 2019
Experimental Methods
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2018 - 2019
Valuation of Intangible Assets
Location: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center (MIPLC), Germany
Spring 2018
Project Courses
Location: LMU Munich
Spring 2018
Seminar Strategic Management
Location: LMU Munich
Spring 2018
Lecture Strategic Management
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2017-2018
Valuation of Intangible Assets
Location: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center (MIPLC), Germany
Winter 2017 - 2018
Experimental Methods
Location: LMU Munich
Spring 2017
Valuation of Intangible Assets
Location: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center (MIPLC), Germany
Winter 2016 - 2017
Experimental Methods
Location: LMU Munich
Spring 2016
Valuation of Intangible Assets
Location: Munich Intellectual Property Law Center (MIPLC), Deutschland
Spring 2016
Advanced Experimental Methods
Location: LMU Munich
Winter 2012 - 2013
Principles of Economics: Introductory Microeconomics (Tutor)
Location: University of Bonn